Debugger

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Place breakpoints in your source code, add field watches,
step through your code, run into methods, take snapshots and monitor
execution as it occurs. You can also attach the NetBeans debugger to an
already running process.
Configurable Debugger
In the Options dialog, you can configure breaking/suspending
behavior, you can specify Variable Formatters, and skip methods and
packages using Step Filters.
Debugging Window
The Debugging window integrates the Sessions, Threads and
Call Stack views.
Each session is broken down in its list of threads, and you
can expand each suspended thread to its call stack. You can
resume/suspend threads with one click on the play/pause buttons.
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Visual Debugger 
Use the visual debugger to take a GUI snapshot and visually explore
the GUI of Swing and JavaFX applications to view component properties,
the hierarchy of components in the container and to locate the source code of components.
You can use the visual debugger to easily add listeners to GUI actions
without requiring you to search through the source code.
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Configurable Breakpoints
In addition to the standard line and method breakpoints, the
NetBeans debugger provides advanced Class, Thread, Exception, and
Variable breakpoints. Configure these custom breakpoints to be
triggered by conditions and events such as uncaught exceptions, class
loading, or variable access.
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Expression Evaluation
Evaluate Java-syntax expressions assigned to watches and
conditional breakpoints "live" while stepping through your code. Moving
the pointer over the variable and the current value is evaluated and
displayed in a tool tip.
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Expression Stepping
You can easily step over individual expressions within a
statement. The debugger will display the return value from each
expression. The Step Into action (F7) lets you select the method call
to step into if there is more than one possibility at the current line.
Multi-Session Debugging
You can debug several processes at the same time: Browse the
list of currently running debugging sessions in the Sessions view of
the Debugging window.
Multi-Threaded Debugging
To switch threads, use the Current Thread Chooser, or access
the threads navigation directly from the editor margin. You can check the state of
the current session's threads in the Threads view in the Debugging
window, and inspect the call stack and locale variables of the current
thread in the Call Stack and Local Variables views. The Debugger
automatically detects deadlock in suspended threads.
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HeapWalker
Use the HeapWalker to watch references to objects while
debugging a program. The Instances pane shows all instances of a type,
while the Fields pane shows its structure. The References pane shows
the references to the selected instance.
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Java SE And
Base IDE Learning Trail